狼网 | Wolf Families = Wolf Packs 狼群=狼群

Wolf pack in Yellowstone National Park 

黄石国家公园的狼群

Wolf pups peeking out of a den

狼崽从窝里偷看

Pups grow inside their mother for about 63 days before they are born. At birth, they weigh only one pound, and their eyes are closed. Pups grow quickly. About 10 to 14 days after they are born, they open their eyes. By two weeks of age, the pups can waddle, and about a week after that, they may come out of the den for the first time. At first, they live only on milk from their mother. By three weeks of age, they start eating meat. Since pups are too young to hunt, adult wolves bring meat to them in their stomachs. The pups lick around the mouth of the adult when it returns from the hunt, and the food comes back up into the adult’s mouth. This sounds terrible to us, but wolf pups love it! The pups eat the regurgitated meat within seconds. Any pup who is less aggressive than his or her brothers and sisters gets less food. If pups are too persistent in their begging for food, adult wolves may growl to warn them to stop. The adults may also leave the area in an attempt to avoid the pups.

幼崽出生前在母体内生长约63天。出生时，它们只有一磅重，眼睛紧闭。幼崽长得很快。出生后约10至14天，它们睁开眼睛。到了两周大，幼崽就可以摇摇晃晃了，大约一周后，它们可能会第一次走出巢穴。起初，他们只靠母亲的牛奶生活。三周大时，他们开始吃肉。由于幼崽太小，无法捕猎，成年狼会在肚子里给它们带肉。幼崽在成年犬狩猎归来时舔它的嘴，食物又回到成年犬的嘴里。这对我们来说听起来很可怕，但狼崽们很喜欢！幼崽在几秒钟内就吃掉了反流的肉。任何比他或她的兄弟姐妹更不好斗的小狗都会得到更少的食物。如果幼崽过于执着地乞求食物，成年狼可能会咆哮警告它们停止。成人也可能离开该区域，试图避开幼崽。

Wolf pups food begging from an adult

狼幼崽向大人乞讨食物

All the wolves in a pack help take care of the pups. When the pups are very small, other pack members bring food to the mother so she does not have to leave the den. When the pups are a little larger, pack members take turns bringing them food, playing with them and even baby-sitting. Once the pups are about eight weeks old, the adults leave the den and take the pups to a rendezvous site. In this open area, the wolves gather to sleep, play, eat and just hang out. Until the pups are old enough to go with the adults, they stay at the rendezvous site. Often, one of the adult wolves stays with the pups to watch over them.

狼群中的所有狼都帮助照顾幼崽。当幼崽很小时，其他狼群成员会给妈妈带食物，这样妈妈就不必离开巢穴。当幼崽稍大一点时，狼群成员轮流给它们带来食物，陪它们玩耍，甚至照看孩子。当幼崽大约八周大时，大人会离开巢穴，带幼崽去一个会合地点。在这个空旷的地方，狼群聚在一起睡觉、玩耍、吃饭，然后就在外面闲逛。在幼崽长大到可以和大人一起去之前，它们会呆在会合地点。通常，一只成年狼会和幼崽呆在一起照看它们。

Wolf pups love to play. The pups will play with each other and their older brothers and sisters, stalking and pouncing on each other. This type of play will help them all their lives, as it is practice for stalking and killing prey and learning the social interactions of the pack.

狼崽喜欢玩耍。幼崽们会和它们的哥哥姐姐们一起玩耍，互相跟踪和猛扑。这种类型的游戏将帮助他们一生，因为这是跟踪和杀死猎物以及学习群体社交互动的练习。

7 – 8 month old wolf pup

7-8个月大的狼崽

Pups will also play with “toys” like bones, feathers or the skins of dead animals. They “kill” the toys over and over again and carry them around as trophies. As they get larger, they will use the skills they learned from this play as they begin to hunt small animals, like rabbits. When pups are six months old, they will start hunting larger animals with the rest of the pack.

小狗也会玩“玩具”，比如骨头、羽毛或死动物的皮肤。他们一次又一次地“杀死”这些玩具，并将它们作为战利品四处携带。当它们变大时，它们将使用从这部剧中学到的技能，开始捕猎小动物，如兔子。当幼崽六个月大时，它们将开始与其他动物一起猎捕更大的动物。

In what ways are wolf families like human families?

狼家族在哪些方面与人类家族相似？

How are they different?

它们有何不同？